AWS Egypt

Introduction to AWS Key Services

Khalid ElGazzar

SWAC.blog | Dev.to/khalidelgazzar | OneKC.Pro



Sponsored by:
SWAC.blog, OneKC.pro & Khalid ElGazzar.

Khalid ElGazzar

Setting Expectations

  • 10K ft (Bird's eye) view of AWS.


Photo by Thierry Caccavale: https://www.pexels.com/photo/city-buildings-aerial-photography-844490/

Agenda (1 / 2)

  • Introduction
  • Overview of the Cloud
  • Overview of AWS
  • AWS Fundamentals
  • Before we Dive in:
    • AWS Pricing
    • AWS Security

Agenda (2 / 2)

  • AWS Key Services
    core services
    • Compute Services.
    • Storage.
    • Networking.
    • Databases & Serverless Architecture.
  • Within a secure AWS cloud (AWS Responsbility model).
  • All AWS Services
  • AWS Certifications & Career Paths.
  • Q & A.

All AWS Services

AWS Services

All AWS Services

AWS Services

Surat Al Baqara
Virtualization types

Introduction - AWS Egypt meetup group

  • An Official AWS Egypt group
    • Was about to be closed in March 2023.
  • Future Events
Khalid ElGazzar

Introduction - About Me

  • Khalid ElGazzar, M.Sc., MBA
    • SW Development Manager | CTO | multi cloud Architect.
    • B. Sc. Computer Science,
    • M. Sc. Computer Science.
    • eMBA.
    • AWS Community Builder.
    • AWS User Group Leader.
    • 25+ years of experience in the SW field.
    • Opensource and GNU+Linux enthusiast.
  • https://dev.to/khalidelgazzar
Virtualization types

Introduction - Sponsors

Virtualization types

Introduction - Sponsors

Virtualization types

Introduction - Sponsors

What is "Cloud"? What is "Cloud Computing"?

What is "Cloud"? What is "Cloud Computing"?

Cloud computing (Wikipedia definition):

  • It is the on-demand availability of computer system resources, especially data storage (cloud storage) and computing power, without direct active management by the user. Large clouds often have functions distributed over multiple locations, each of which is a data center. Cloud computing relies on sharing of resources to achieve coherence and typically uses a pay-as-you-go model, which can help in reducing capital expenses but may also lead to unexpected operating expenses for users.

On-premises vs Cloud Providers

  • On-premise

    • You own the servers.
    • You hire the IT people.
    • You pay or rent the real-estate.
    • You take all the risk.

  • Cloud Providers (CSPs)

    • Someone else owns the servers.
    • Someone else hires the IT people.
    • Someone else pays or rents the real-estate.
    • You are responsible for configuring your cloud services and code, someone else takes care of the rest.

Recent History of Cloud Computing

  • In 2002, Amazon established its subsidiary Amazon Web Services (AWS), which allows developers to build applications independently.

  • In 2006, Amazon introduced Simple Storage Service (S3) in March and Elastic Compute Cloud (EC2) in August. These services were among the first to use server virtualization to provide IaaS on a pay-as-you-go basis. In the same year, Google launched Google Docs, a SaaS model to edit and save documents online.

  • Nowadays, AWS is the leading Cloud Service Provider (CSP) with a market share of about 30% among all the CSPs.

old and new

Highlevel AWS Timeline

  • 2004: Launch of Simple Queing Service (SQS).
  • Mar 2006: Launch of Simple Storage Service (S3).
  • Aug 2006: Launch of Elastic Compute Cloud (EC2).
  • Nov 2010: Migration of all Amazon.com's retails sites to AWS
  • Apr 2013: AWS launched its AWS certification program.

AWS old and new Logos

right old and new

Gartner

Why AWS?

  • AWS is the leading CSP.

  • More than 200 services.

  • 30+ Region (Mar 2024 actual: 33). 100+ Availability Zone (AZ). (Mar 2024 actual: 105).

  • 35 Local Zone, 29 Wave Length zone. 115 Direct Connect Locations, 550+ PoP.

  • AWS has been recognized by Gartner as the leader in 2023 among CSPs for the 13th consecutive year on Feb 2024.

Why AWS - Further Info (Gartner)

Why AWS - 5 years Tends - March 2024 (CSP Comparison)

Google Trends

Why AWS - years Tends - March 2024 (CSP Comparison)

Google Trends

Virtualization

  • Hardware virtualization is the virtualization of computers as complete hardware platforms, certain logical abstractions of their componentry, or only the functionality required to run various operating systems.
  • Virtualization hides the physical characteristics of a computing platform from the users, presenting instead an abstract computing platform.
  • At its origins, the software that controlled virtualization was called a "control program", but the terms "hypervisor" or "virtual machine monitor" became preferred over time.


Reference: Wikipedia - Hardware virtualization

Virtualization types

Virtualization

Two main types:

  • Native
  • Hosted


Reference: Wikipedia - Hardware virtualization

Virtualization types

Virtualization





Reference: Wikipedia - Hardware virtualization

Containerization

In software engineering, containerization is operating system-level virtualization or application-level virtualization over multiple network resources so that software applications can run in isolated user spaces called containers in any cloud or non-cloud environment, regardless of type or vendor.


What is a Container

Containerization

Virtualization types

Containerization

Virtualization types

Virtualization types

Evolution of Hosting

Four main types:

  • Dedicated Server.
  • Virtual Private Server (VPS).
  • Shared Hosting.
  • Distributed Computing (Cloud Hosting).
Virtualization types

Evolution of Cloud Computing

Four main steps:

  • Dedicated Server.
  • Virtual Machines.
  • Containers.
  • Servless (Functions).

Cloud computing Models

model

There are other models such as

  • FAAS
  • DAAS


Reference: AWS - Types of Cloud computing

Cloud computing deployment Models

model

There are other models such as

  • Community Cloud


Reference: AWS - Types of Cloud computing

AWS Global Infrastructure (Mar 2024)

global
global


Reference: AWS Global Infrastructure and infrastructure.aws

AWS Global Infrastructure Map

global


Reference: AWS Global Infrastructure and infrastructure.aws

AWS Global Infrastructure

North America Regions

  • Regions
    • AWS has the concept of a Region, which is a physical location around the world where AWS clusters data centers. Each group of logical data centers is called an Availability Zone.
    • Each AWS Region consists of a minimum of three, isolated, and physically separate AZs within a geographic area.
    • The multiple AZ design of every AWS Region offers advantages for customers. Each AZ has independent power, cooling, and physical security and is connected via redundant, ultra-low-latency networks.

AWS Global Infrastructure

  • Availability Zones (AZs)
    • An Availability Zone (AZ) is one or more discrete data centers with redundant power, networking, and connectivity in an AWS Region. AZs give customers the ability to operate production applications and databases that are more highly available, fault tolerant, and scalable than would be possible from a single data center.
    • All AZs in an AWS Region are interconnected with high-bandwidth, low-latency networking, over fully redundant, dedicated metro fiber providing high-throughput, low-latency networking between AZs. All traffic between AZs is encrypted.

AWS Global Infrastructure

AWS local zones

  • Local Zones
    • For Latecncy senstive applications
    • AWS Local Zones place compute, storage, database, and other select AWS services closer to end-users. With AWS Local Zones, you can easily run highly-demanding applications that require single-digit millisecond latencies to your end-users such as media & entertainment content creation, real-time gaming, reservoir simulations, electronic design automation, and machine learning.


Reference: AWS Local Zones

AWS Global Infrastructure

AWS Wavelength

  • AWS Wavelength
    • Enables developers to build applications that deliver single-digit millisecond latencies to mobile devices and end-users. AWS developers can deploy their applications to Wavelength Zones, AWS infrastructure deployments that embed AWS compute and storage services within the telecommunications providers’ datacenters at the edge of the 5G networks, and seamlessly access the breadth of AWS services in the region.


Reference: AWS Wavelength

AWS Global Infrastructure

  • Points of Presence (PoPs)
    • Points of Presence (PoPs) are intermediate locations between an AWS Region and the end-user, and this location could be a datacenter or collection of hardware.​
    • For AWS a PoP is a data center owned by AWS or a trusted partner that is utilized by AWS Services related for content delivery or expediated upload.​
    • Points of Presence (PoP) are intermediate locations between an AWS Region and the end-user, and this location could be a datacenter or collection of hardware.​


Reference: How Cloudfront Delivers content

Reference: CF Key Features

POP: Edge locations

edge locations

POP: Regional edge caches

edge locations

Virtualization types

AWS Infrastructure (Products -> Compute)

  • Outposts
    • AWS Outposts bring native AWS services, infrastructure, and operating models to virtually any data center, co-location space, or on-premises facility.


Reference: AWS Outposts family
Reference: AWS Outposts Now Available (2019)

AWS Infrastructure

  • Points of Presence (POPs)

    • Points of Presence (PoP) are intermediate locations between an AWS Region and the end-user, and this location could be a datacenter or collection of hardware.​

    • For AWS a Point of Presence is a data center owned by AWS or a trusted partner that is utilized by AWS Services related for content delivery or expediated upload.​
      Edge Locations - are datacenters that hold cached (copy) on the most popular files (eg. web pages, images and videos) so that the delivery of distance to the end users are reduce

    • Regional Edge Cache - are datacenters that hold much larger caches of less-popular files to reduce a full round trip and also to reduce the cost of transfer fees.​


Reference: AWS Outposts family
Reference: AWS Outposts Now Available (2019)

Six advantages of cloud computing (AWS)

  • Trade fixed expense for variable expense.
  • Benefit from massive economies of scale.
  • Stop guessing capacity.
  • Increase speed and agility.
  • Stop spending money running and maintaining data centers.
  • Go global in minutes.


Reference: Six advantages of cloud computing

Cloud Characteristics [aka Benefits (Advantages) of the Cloud]

  • Managed services
  • On-demand services
  • Scalability
  • Elasticity
  • Security
  • Pay as you go

Benefits of Cloud [aka Cloud Characteristics]

  • Agility: Increase speed and agility
  • Pay-as-you-go pricing: Trade capital expense for variable expense
  • Economy of scale: Benefit from massive economies of scale
  • Global Reach: Go global in minutes
  • Security
  • Reliability: Stop spending money on running and maintaining data centers
  • High Availability
  • Scalability: Stop guessing capacity
  • Elasticity
  • Fault Tolerance
  • Disaster Recovery

AWS Shared Responsibility model

  • AWS responsibility “Security of the Cloud”

    • AWS is responsible for protecting the infrastructure that runs all of the services offered in the AWS Cloud. This infrastructure is composed of the hardware, software, networking, and facilities that run AWS Cloud services.

  • Customer responsibility “Security in the Cloud”

    • Customer responsibility will be determined by the AWS Cloud services that a customer selects. This determines the amount of configuration work the customer must perform as part of their security responsibilities.


Reference: AWS Shared Responsibility Model

AWS Shared Responsibility model

Shared Responsibility Model

AWS Key services

  • IAM
  • VPC
  • EC2
  • S3

Getting Started + Quick lab

  • AWS Free Tier (Always free / 12 months free)
  • Create AWS Account.
  • Create IAM User (Least privilege principle)
  • Turning on MFA.
  • Region Selection.
  • Overbilling
    • AWS Budget
    • Billing Alarms

Technical Careers in the SW Development field.

The software development spectrum offers a wide range of roles catering to different aspects of the software development lifecycle. Here are some of the key roles:

  1. Software Engineer/Developer
  2. Frontend Developer
  3. Backend Developer
  4. Full-Stack Developer
  5. Mobile App Developer

Technical Careers in the SW Development field (cont'd)

  1. DevOps Engineer
  2. Quality Assurance (QA) Engineer
  3. Software Architect
  4. UI/UX Designer
  5. Data Scientist / Engineer
  6. Machine Learning Engineer
  7. Cyber Security Engineer

These roles represent just a subset of the diverse opportunities available in the software development field, each requiring specific skills, expertise, and experience to excel in delivering innovative and high-quality software solutions.

Cloud Technical Careers

  1. Cloud Developer
  2. Cloud DevOps Engineer
  3. Cloud Security Engineer
  4. Cloud Systems Administrator
  5. Cloud Network Engineer
  6. Cloud Solutions Architect
  7. Cloud Data Engineer
  8. Cloud Operations Manager
  9. Cloud Consultant

Note: We are focusing here on the Technical roles.

AWS Certifications (overview)

  • Foundation level (black badge)
    • 1 Certificate, $100 per certificate
  • Associate level (blue badge)
    • 4 certificates, $150 per certificate
  • Professional level (Cyan badge)
    • 2 certificates, $300 per certificate
  • Specialty (Violet badge)
    • 6 certificates (3 will be retried), $300 per certificate

AWS Certifications (overview)

AWS Certs

Best Way to get certified

  1. Gain theoretical knowledge
  2. The 3 P's
    1. Practice, Practice and Practice!


Tell me and I will forget. Show me and I may remember. Involve me, and I will understand.

Some simple practical projects we offer in OneKC.pro to build your AWS Career

  1. [IaaC] Static Website
  2. [IaaC] Multi-AZ, multi-region Wordpress hosting
  3. [IaaC] Build Deployment pipeline
  4. [FaaC] Build Serverless App
  5. [All] Build Web App